Teenagers and pregnancy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Teenagers and pregnancy - Research Paper Example As one of Faulkner’s most highly regarded works, the novel has the ability to incite an understanding in the reader’s mind that goes beyond the existence of our lives at face-value; it questions one’s thoughts, ideas, beliefs, values and perception even to the brink of questioning the meaning of existence. Unlike other literary pieces penned down by Faulker, As I Lay Dying is not an abstract or complex plot, which suggests the author’s creation of mind during the writing process. Cited time and time again by literature instructors and students worldwide is the one famous fact associated with the novel which also provides an ample insight into the author’s imagination – the novel took only six weeks to complete and William Faulker did not even change one single word of the manuscript upon completion. The author famously talked about how he felt completely in control of Bundrens’ lives when he penned down every agony that they were to su ffer, the novel is one-of-kind in the sense that it is one of those rare, magical and incredible instances when one experiences those rare bouts that mislead person to believe that they are masters of their own destiny, thankfully for Faulkner, this period of intense activity was translated into a prolific and fine literary specimen. Quite straightforward however, and rightfully so, As I Lay Dying is also a journey as much as it is an awakening, the journey that leads to the family’s arrival Jefferson and the burial of Addie Bundren’s body. Analyzing as to why Faulkner preferred to select breaking down his novel into fifty-nine monologues each spoken by one of the fifteen characters of the novel can be best described as an experiment in literary technique, which to put it in modest terms proved to be quite successful. Faulkner never seeks precedence of one theme or genre throughout the novel as he always has something surprising to give, which further cements the idea that the creation of the author’s mind during the process of the development of his work was clear-cut, Faulkner never seems to get lost in the premise that this story is actually the account of the deliverance of a man’s promise to his dying wife. The forty mile journey to Jefferson is a mixture of absurdity, comedy and drama with hints of a grotesque and determined effort to make Addie’s last wish come true. The family’s capricious pursuit is augmented to the nearness of a laborious ordeal with the wide character map that the author has given birth to. More than their desire to focus on the task at hand; which is the sole purpose for the trip to the town of Jefferson, each character has its own whims and yearnings (Faulkner, Random House, 1999). In the dazing context of events, Dewey Dell, the only daughter of the family has a very inconvenient issue at an inopportune time; she is seventeen, unmarried and pregnant. The purpose of this paper is to critic ally analyze and understand the psychology of the author and the creation of his mind, while understanding how Faulkner sheds light

Banks Deal with Documents and Not with Goods, Services or Performance Essay - 1

Banks Deal with Documents and Not with Goods, Services or Performance to Which the Documents May Relate - Essay Example The limitations of the bank’s role in dealing with documents without exceeding these limits in the light of judiciary’s view will be discussed.4 This is divided into three sections: the principle of independence in the bank’s role in complying with the documents, analysing the doctrine of strict compliance and the position of the bank in interpreting the doctrine and the bank’s duty in relation to the exceptions to the above doctrines. 2. The Principle of Independence 2.1 General overview As Goode highlights, the principle of independence, or the principle of autonomy, is the most essential principle of a document of credit (DC).5 It is not an exaggeration to say that the true benefits of the LC go hand-in-hand with this principle. It is the â€Å"cornerstone of the law relating to a letter of credit†.6 This means that an LC is separate and independent from underlying contracts between the credit’s parties7. In Nareerux Import Co. vs. ... ctual obligations towards the latter.11 Generally, not carrying out some or all of these obligations does not give the buyer the right to ask the bank to withhold payment to the seller as long as the documents presented by the beneficiary are compatible ‘on their face’ with the LC12. This is true unless it does not fall into any of the exceptions13 that will be discussed in Section 3 of this essay. Therefore, the commitments of both the confirming bank and the issuing bank are considered in regards to the documents and not the goods. This has been confirmed in the Sztejn vs. Henry Schroeder Banking Corporation 14 case, where the court stated that: â€Å"It is well-established that a letter of credit is independent of the primary contract of sale between the buyer and the seller. The issuing bank agrees to pay upon presentation of documents, and not the goods. This rule is necessary to preserve the efficiency of the letter of credit as an instrument for the financing of trade.†15 Moreover, Act 4(a) the UCP 600 states that a credit is a separate transaction from any other underlying contract, and banks are not bound to such contracts. Therefore, the role of the bank is to honour, negotiate or fulfil obligations under the credit.16 However, the bank, as a plaintiff or defendant, in the case regarding the LC, does not have the right to plead its relationship with the other bank or with the buyer. This is true even in the case when the buyer does not pay for the LC.17 2.2 Case Laws under the Principle of Independence The sanctity of the LC and its separation from any contractual relations between the credit parties has been emphasized in many case laws18. This makes independency of the bank’s role related to the DC very clear. Thee role of a bank is related to the

Symbolism And Narrative Voice

Symbolism And Narrative Voice This extended essay aims to challenge the categorization of the female protagonists in Alice Walkers The Color Purple and Nawal El Saadawis Woman at Point Zero as repressed by examining the question How is symbolism and narrative voice used by the authors to demonstrate each womans struggle with marginalization? The scope of this essay encompasses two works which endeavor to empower women as it depicts their overcoming society ´s norms. The use symbolism and narrative voice by Walker and El Saadawi to portray Celie and Firdaus ´ experiences drew me to this particular work. This paper explores Walker and El Saadawi ´s use of these literary devices to cast the actual complexity and defiance of their protagonists ´ behavior, which overrides generalized nature of marginalization. Both books are an example of the influence caused by female ´s struggle with chauvinism in two very different cultures showing it is still a global problem as it is being referenced in two literary pie ces from distinct times. The essay counts with two main sections, each emphasized in the specific literary device which is aimed to be explored. It acknowledges the powerful effect of the narrative voices and the symbolism on the reader, on how these two devices are intentionally introduced by the authors to strengthen up the intensity of the protagonists life situation and by complementing each other they manage to give the character the development it deserves. Word Count: 230 Table of Contents Abstract 2 1. Introduction.. 4 2. Symbolismà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ 5 3. Narrative Voiceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..10 4. Conclusion..16 Bibliography17 1. Introduction Women ´s struggle to overcome oppression has become a major issue over the last 50 years. The subjugation of women has not been an eternal feature of the human society, but it became a product of the development of class society. This struggle is something that two authors have tried to demonstrate, proving there is not only one point of view about it. Still women have fought for their importance and this gets to be evidenced through literary devices of symbolism and narrative voices in The Color Purple published in 1982 by Alice Walker, American writer and Woman at Point Zero published in 1975 by Nawal El Saadawi, Egyptian feminist. Books are a very efficient method to express an idea or a thought. Who does not have the ability to convey their feelings verbally has the ability to do so in writing, and regardless of the background context of the story (whether based on fact or fiction), by presenting these ideals in a written form, the necessary ingredients will be added to make the writing part of literature, that is why the literary features are as important and relevant as the same thread of the plot. The feminist genre has become a popular form of literature this is why the following question How is symbolism and narrative voice used by the authors to demonstrate each womans struggle with marginalization in The Color Purple and Woman at Point Zero? is going to be answered. It is important to generate a comparison between these two novels as they have been both written by female authors as stated before and they show the overcome of chauvinism by the main characters, writing about a subjective look into the es sential underdevelopment of marginalized characters. Celie from The Color Purple and Firdaus from Woman at Point Zero, are part of these characters, both led by different religions and political borders but with a very similar struggle. 2. Symbolism The use of symbolism throughout both novels is constantly present. Symbols have as a purpose to communicate a meaning. It is inside any literary piece to generate a deeper meaning in the stories [  [1]  ], generally, the symbols are highlighted through the book to support the literary theme, just as shown in The Color Purple and Woman at Point Zero, where symbols play an important role in the overcoming of the marginalization suffered by the main characters. To highlight in The Color Purple we find sisterhood, the relationship between Celie and her beloved sister Nettie, the one person who is constantly cheering Celie up and motivating her to keep on moving forward. The bond that represents their relationship is quilting. It is directly linked with the theme of sisterhood. Nettie and Celie used to spend their free time (their free time meant the time none of them were serving for their dad or generally doing household work) together laughing and sewing old pieces of curtains in order to make one single quilt. The idea of sewing up different pieces and making them part of one same whole, represents unity. The union between this two sisters, were leaning on each other formed a particular engine, especially used by Celie, to continue on with her life. The color purple itself is the most evident symbol in the book. Purple may have many meanings and they all fit into the story of the book. Every different meaning ties up the thread of the story and guides the reader through the characters struggle showing them all the process until they overcome chauvinism. In the first place, Shug Avery is the person who points out the concept of the color purple to Celie [  [2]  ]. Shug, tells Celie how God does small things for people, like creating the color purple just to make them happy and give them pleasure in their lives, he wants people to notice the beauty of his own creations, to love his creations. As Celie learns to love life throughout her whole development in the fight to reach her happiness, she learns to love her inner self, well just as the color purple is a very small but important creation she finally recognizes the beauty she carries with her and decorates her bedroom in her own home with the color purple. The bruises on Celie ´s beaten face throughout her pitiful life, the pain she has gone throughout her life has been showing off through the bruises in her face as she was being beaten up by her father and husband. Still all these bruises never stopped her from achieving her independence, the bruises just made her stronger. [  [3]  ] Last, the color purple is not as common as other colors; the actual color was discovered with the secretion produced by some mollusk found around the cities of Tyre. By being so rare and hard to find, it became a symbol of royalty because only the very wealthy people could afford it[  [4]  ]. In relationship to the book, Celie associates the color purple and longs for a purple dress[  [5]  ], well wearing it would make her feel more confident but overall, more powerful. The same color suffers en evolution as the development of Celie ´s struggle is being exceeded. At the beginning, Celie did not consider herself to be treated as royalty, though at the end, as she feels more confident, she decides that purple should now be the color that represents her. Clothes are a major symbol through the book. Pants, are another important factor. In the 1930 ´s, pants were not common amongst women; they were only used by men while women were only allowed to use fancy dresses or long skirts. This is why pants are the greatest symbol of women ´s liberation from the confines of a dress. When Celie decides not only to wear them, but to start her own business on them, she becomes freed from gender stereotypes. Therefore they represent liberation from patriarchy and sexism, as well as economic independence, where women show they can also have success without the help of men. Trousers are the main symbol in relationship to the overcome of struggle, they are the last symbol shown in the book letting the audience know how this change is Celie ´s last and ultimate achievement. The letters to God are also important, as the tale is being told primarily through Celie ´s own letters. Due to her isolation and despair, she initially addresses these letters to God. God is at first a confidant. Throughout the story, Celie by discovering the letters from Nettie that Mr__ had hidden from her: Now that I know Albert hiding Nettie ´s letters, I know exactly where they is.[  [6]  ]. This helps her regain confidence and hope, by feeling she does have someone else to lean on and she was never forgotten making her change the recipient of her letters to Nettie. After the whole story has concluded, the last letter written from Celie is once again addressed to God, the starts, the sky and every other one of his creations thanking him for all her achievements, showing the last phase of her struggle, the recovery.[  [7]  ] In Woman at Point Zero, Firdaus, a young woman waiting to be executed in an Egyptian prison, narrates the events and relationships that led her to become a prostitute and murder her pimp. El Saadawis perspective frames the story as she visits Firdaus in jail and feels overwhelmed by her strength. Money is one of the books greatest symbols as it creates a game between the parallelism of its own value and Firdaus; well a man does not know a woman ´s value. She is the one who determines her value. [  [8]  ] Firdaus was told by Sharifa that the higher you price yourself, the more he will realize what you are really worth, and be prepared to pay with the means at his disposal. And if he has no means, he will steak from someone else to give what you demand.[  [9]  ] On her own, she learns that her body has a monetary value to men, and gets advantage of the fact that pleasure was something men desired, meaning that for the first time, men depended on her. The more she built and strengthened her self-esteem, the more confident she felt, and the more confident she felt, the more she would charge and higher the price of her service. In fact the real symbol comes to be  ´price ´ as it is what really categorizes something or someone ´s value. Still the part of her narration with more symbolism is when Firdaus tears up the money and demonstrates money has no power over her anymore. The prince will then declare her a total princess, outside the reach of money. Being a prostitute means developing a job, and money is its remuneration but Firdaus wants more than just being paid for her job, she wants to be recognized as a strong woman. Firdaus ´s school certificates are also a symbol during her overcome. Books have accompanied her since she childhood; her first encounter with books was thanks to her uncle as he secretly taught her how to read. He was the first person who initially shows interest in the young Firdaus and tries to guide her towards a better future. Reading helped her realize that there is more than just her small and poor village. Later on, as she moves with her uncle she starts school and achieves not only her school certificate but gets much academic recognition. Being a scholar made her self-esteem rise, she was proud of what she had achieved by herself with no one elses intervention, I have a secondary school certificate, and I want to work [  [10]  ] she claimed. She knew her certificates would mean her departure to success. Finally we can find one of the biggest symbols throughout the book; eyes. Eyes are constantly mentioned and highlighted in the story. As Firdaus ´s story starts to develop, she emphasizes in the fact that eyes always seemed to gaze upon her. At the beginning, the images of the eye could be interpreted as something trivial, physical. But, as she mentions the eye that always looks upon her, and the story keeps progressing and she becomes more mature to at least distinguish from what is right and what is wrong, the image of the eye starts to refer as the conscience that is constantly reminding her about her occupation. This brought also the meaning and interpretation of a new symbol feared by Firdaus, the feeling of someone watching over her. Another important point is the cultural relationship between eyes and the Muslim religion. Women are not to show their eyes to strangers, and it is prohibited for them to downright into the eyes of their husbands and fathers, they should lower their eyes in sign of respect and admiration. Women that are still into the orthodox tradition should stay under the hijab to observe from there the outer world. [  [11]  ][  [12]  ] The change the image of the eye suffers can be seen as the change in Firdaus ´s outlook in life. As she grows up and understands the rules of society, her outlook on life switches from optimistic to hopeless. Still, at the end they show themselves again as widely open and confident. Both books contain these symbols to enhance and intensify the real meaning of this whole struggle by these women who have learned how to fend for themselves. These authors may coincide in the use of similar symbols, but the way in which Celie and Firdaus overcome their obstacles is completely different considering the variety of situations that surround them. It is their cultural differences what protrude amongst both characters and derives the other factors. In order to successfully communicate to a wide audience, we must recognize the fact that things carry different symbolic meanings to different cultures. Economic independence for example, is crucial in both characters but the means of obtaining this independence is completely different due to the cultural and systemic possibilities given to both women. This economic independence is symbolized with the obtention of money through prostitution in Woman at Point Zero and with pants in The Color Purple. While Firdaus has to go throug h social humiliation and lack of self-respect, Celie goes through a low self-esteem and a more stigmatized oppression from men who do empower over her with more facility than what men managed to obtain from Firdaus as the story progresses. 3. Narrative Voice Narrative voice is the persona telling the story; the persona develops from the personality and attitude of the narrator, which are expressed by the narrator ´s choice of words and incidents. These in turn depend on the point of view of the story. The point of view goes hand by hand with the narrative voice; it is what makes emphasis in the personality of the character meaning that it would show the development of the character along the story. [  [13]  ] An interesting characteristic of The Color Purle, is the fact that the first person narrator will introduce the events in letter forms. As it has been mentioned before, the first half of the book is told completely from Celie ´s point of view as she addresses letters to God in some diary form to let God know about everything that surrounds her. As the book opens, Celie is clearly a victim; her narrative actually begins as a result of her victimization. Her father tells her to hide from everyone the secret about him raping her, telling anyone but God. This was the initial motor for Celie to confide God about her struggles. As she is being emotionally, psychologically and physically isolated, she is immerse in the idea that she has no one who cares about her, this is why she also leans on God. Celie ´s point of view gets to be interesting. Unlike her sister Nettie, she is an uneducated woman as she has been forced to quit school around the age of fourteen to attend her pregnancy, pregnant by her own father. Her lack of education is demonstrated with her shortcomings in grammar and spelling but this does not cover the fact that she is still telling a powerful story; She ast me bout the first one Whose it is? I say God ´s. I don ´t know no other man or what else to say. When I start to hurt and then my stomach is moving and then that little baby come out my pussy chewing on it fist you could have knock me over with a feather. [  [14]  ] The previous quote demonstrates a perfect example of Celie ´s lack of education mixed with the intense situation she had to go through. Both factors as they are combined generate a much bigger impact on the reader as he gets immerse in a story where there is not only an educational problem but a tragic narration driving the reader to think of how the same lack of education may have caused to damages to Celie as she has no other guide other than her own ignorance. As Celie discovers her sister Nettie never stopped writing to her, but it was Mr.___ who hid the letters from her, she changes on the recipient of her letters; still there is nothing artificial about her writing style. The reader can always identify a pervasive and enduring quality of honesty throughout her letters. When I told Shug Im writing to you instead of God she laugh. Nettie don ´t know these people, she say. Considering who I been writing to, this strike me funny [  [15]  ] writes Celie to Nettie. Celie gains confidence as she knows she does have someone watching over her and even though God is somehow left aside, he does not lose importance, Celie just gets overwhelmed by the fact that her new discovery would have seemed something impossible. The previous quote indicates her happiness, happiness achieved for the first time in a very long period of time. This evokes hope amongst the audience and reflects the characters emotion. From this event on, the book makes a certain turn and the reader will continue on knowing about her story but not throughout the letters addressed to God, but this time in the letters between Celie and Nettie. Nettie, however, is an educated woman, her grammar and spelling are correct and she discusses more complex topics in the letters. Still, it does not compare to how powerful Celie ´s story is. In Woman at Point Zero even though the first person narrator persists, the story is differently told. The narrative point of view is used to inform the reader of the political and socio-cultural context of the situation in which the protagonists find themselves, due to the fact that it is not only a story but it is based in a real life situation. The voices vary not from character to character but from character to psychiatrist, who represents the voice of the author. El Saadawi ´s narrator starts by fulfilling the role of a psychiatrist who introduces the story of Firdaus. As the psychiatrist, she is looking forward to portray the traditional oppression of women, in this particular case she works on the oppression embedded within the Islamic traditions as well as the lack of gender equality. Firdaus ´s story begins to be embedded in which we think is El Sadaawi ´s life. I felt somehow that my research was now in jeopardy. As a matter of fact, my whole life seemed to be threatened with failure. My self-confidence began to be badly shaken, and I went through difficult moments[  [16]  ] The quote not only lets the reader know about her situation but corroborates the fact that she was there just to compliance with her work as a psychiatrist. As Firdaus agrees to see her, she now becomes the listener, Firdaus becomes the narrator. The psychiatrist gets immersed in who is supposed to be her patient ´s story, a new twist occurs, and the person who seemed to be vulnerable despite her wealthy economical position and social class; she expresses love and admiration for Firdaus who opened her eyes: The power of truth, as savage, and as simple, and as awesome as death, yet as simple and as gentle as a child that has not yet learnt to lie.[  [17]  ] The psychiatrist writes this after hearing Firdaus ´s story and watching her be escorted towards her execution. As she feels light-headed, Firdaus has convinced her that what surrounds her is a lie and, lies must be destroyed, this leaves her within the dilemma of thinking whether if her whole life has been an illusion or pure and simple reality. She also realizes that Firdaus is not in prison because authorities fear she will kill again if released, but because they fear the truth that she now possesses. Killing a pimp is not her real crime, exposing the hypocrisy and powerlessness of the leaders and princes she so despises, is. She now stops playing the role of the psychiatrist, and changes to play the role herself as a human being. Firdaus ´s story is purely more complex. Her story arises from silence, from her initial refusal to speak. This presence of the voice, which is meant to be experienced as the voice of a real person rather than the one of a fictional character, is the mark of a desire not to be silenced or defeated, a desire to impose oneself on an institution of power, from the position of the marginal. Firdaus was able to discover how Men impose deception on women and punish them for being deceived, force them down to the lowest level and punish them for falling so low, bind them in marriage and then chastise them with menial service for life, or insults, or blows.[  [18]  ] Men ´s imposition over women was just being developed with the excuse of a culture and a religion, but that was not to be allowed anymore. Life taught her the significance of being a woman inside her society. Her eyes went wide open over the fact that it was no obligation for women to yield over men, but it was women ´s obligations to have the courage of standing up against them and stop that believe once and for all. She is constantly expressing these emotions with resentment, an outraged tone evoking compatibility between the reader and the character through imagery. In her outcry against men ´s dominance, she exposes the multiple forms of hypocrisy and control used to gain authority over women. She hated men who tried to give her advice, or told her that they wanted to rescue her from the life she was leading, she said they saw themselves in some kind of chivalrous role.[  [19]  ] Indeed, all those who supposedly rescue Firdaus, men and women alike, end up using her for their own purposes. Though her life made her look as a victim, her tone as she tells her story does not show either sorrow or gloom, but anger and bitter. As it pertains to both books, The Color Purple and Woman at Point Zero, narratives are expressed in two different forms, private letters as demonstrated with the first book and a traditional storytelling based on a real life event, still both done in first person narrative. The differences between the two main characters are protruded with the tone that both authors imply. Celie is never seen as anything else but a victim, even though she achieves her independence at the end of the story her image only changes from victim to surpass, while Firdaus despite the difficulties always knew who she was, pointed to where she was going and demonstrated it since the beginning of the story as she stated: I knew that women did not become heads of state, but I felt that I was not like other women. [  [20]  ] About the authors intentions, both embed their books with their life. Alice walker pretends to demonstrate not only the marginalized life of the characters she created but of black writers such as herself through the written word. The story itself is a representation of what Walker ´s ancestors went through in the eighteenth century.[  [21]  ] On the other hand, Nadal el Saadawi not only narrates a real life story but in the same book she connects it to her life and describes how she felt while living the moment. Here is where the relationship with both authors varies; Walker recreates what should have been the life of her family some years ago to feel close to her history while El Saadawi makes a direct connection and gets herself involved. Here, the cultural differences are not much of a factor influencing the authors to achieve their intentions, as narrative voices point out the outcry of two characters who aim for the same achievements. 4. Conclusion Both literary techniques complement each other to give the character the development it deserves. It is through the narrative voice and the first person that the character is expressed in its entirety to set free to a set of oppressed emotions in which the characters may find themselves immerse. Whether in writing as Celie did, or verbally as Firdaus, whose story was later on transferred to paper, the tranquility of both women is caused by the release of these feelings. With symbolism, the author looks to supplement those repressed emotions to give a deeper meaning to their struggle and give more validity to the achievements of these characters. Through these symbols the reader can be aware of the development of the characters as the story goes along, the more the symbol gets highlighted, the more important it is. The symbol is an essential element, which also integrates the background context of both, the author and characters to interpret the significance of they ´re development and demonstrate the author`s intention. Word Count: 3971

Canada in the Global Economy Essay examples -- Economics Globalization

Canada in the Global Economy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Over the past few years, Canada's economy has done comparatively well and has demonstrated some resilience to the fluctuating global economy. However, Canada remains to be relatively less competitive with respect to other developed countries. In this paper I will attempt to take a closer look at Canada's position in the global economy today and examine the relevant issues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Competition is an important driver of innovation and productivity growth. Looking at the domestic Canadian economy, perhaps one of the most significant barriers to a strong domestic economy is the lack of intense competition among domestic firms. There are many reasons for this. First of all, the size of the Canadian economy is too small to support the development of large corporations. The US on the other hand, has about a ten times larger population, and therefore, a much larger market and demand are in place for larger multinational companies to build. As a result of the lack of sufficient domestic demand in Canada, only a small number of larger firms are developed in each industry. Furthermore, Canadian firms seldom treat research and development as a priority. Unlike in the US, innovation is not a corporate culture in Canada. This can be partly due to the lack of intense domestic competition, causing firms to spend resources on other areas instead of R&D beca use there is no real urge to innovate and maintain competitiveness. The government also plays a major role in determining the level of domestic competition. In the past, the Canadian government had not been supportive to introduce rivalries in its domestic industries. There had not been any clear and well defined competition policies; there were however, numerous policies enforcing tariffs for imported products that had been protecting domestic firms from competition from abroad. Although some can argue that such protectionism was necessary in the starting phase of an industry, but Canada has still been maintaining some of these protection policies even today for well developed industries such as the cable and electricity industries. These protective policies do not promote domestic rivalries and therefore lead to a lack of productivity gain that can be achieved through competition. Although many of these protective policies are now non-existent anymore, what these policies had d... ...competition that drives productivity gains. Innovation from Canadian firms is limited, resulting in stagnant productivity improvements. The Canadian labour force is also relatively weak and the working environment relatively non competitive. In the future, Canada will be moving towards a service-oriented economy that continues to rely heavily on exports. The concept of competitiveness will become more and more crucial for the success of the Canadian economy. It is therefore imperative for Canadian businesses to continue to improve productivity and develop the culture of continuous research and innovation. Intense domestic and foreign competition also needs to be in place to drive productivity gains. The role of Canadian government will be to make Canada an attractive place to work, live and invest. This will bring in valuable human as well as financial capital that will be conductive to achieving competitiveness. The government should also realize and deal with social and environmental issues as a matter of priority with a strategy to move ahead of other developed countries and avoid future burden on the economy when these issues start to become a bigger problem in the future.

Diclduybc

Unit 11 Mini-Analysis Consider the following standard and semi-log plots from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Both graphs show the probability (in decimal form) that an Australian woman of age x will die within the next year. | | Remember to use complete sentences on each of the questions below, rounding to four decimal places where appropriate. Save the resulting document in either Word or PDF form and resubmit to the D2L dropbox. Your last name should appear in the name of the file. 1. The standard plot on the left appears exponential.However, by examining the semi-log plot on the right, we see that only a portion of the data is actually exponential. For what ages would you conclude that the probability (in decimal form) of dying in the next year is approximately exponential? Explain. I do not understand the question. The ages that are approximately exponential are 22-90 on the right graph because these lines seem to form a straight line, similar to exponential growth. 2. Assu ming that the points (44, -3) and (70, -2) are on the linear portion of the semi-log plot, create a linear function for Y=log? y) as a function of x. Make sure to show your work. -2+3/70-44 = 1/26 y=. 0384615385x+b y = . 0385x – 2. 5 3. Rewrite your semi-log plot equation from #2 so that it now shows the exponential function that we can view on the standard plot. Make sure to show your work. Y = . 0385x + -2. 5 y = 10^. 0385x * 10^-2. 5 1. 0926^x * . 0032 4. What percent does an Australian female’s probability of death (within the next year) increase every year? The probability of women’s death in Australia increases by 9. 26% each year.

King Edward Viii

King Edward VIII was born on the 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972. Edward Reigned as King of the United Kingdom, Ireland and the other British Dominions, and as Emperor of India from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December 1936 . He was the last monarch to serve his entire reign as Emperor of India. His official title during his reign was Edward the Eighth, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India.Later, as Duke of Windsor during World War II, he held the office of Governor and Commander-in-Chief of The Bahamas. No other British monarch has voluntarily relinquished the throne, though several have been â€Å"deemed to have abdicated† after fleeing, have suffered execution, or have given up part of their power.. Edward VIII was born at Richmond, the eldest son of Their Royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of York. The Duke of York, who later became King George V, was the second son of Albert Edward, Prince of Wales.The Duchess of York, formerly Her Serene Highness Princess Mary of Teck, was a great-granddaughter of King George III and a first cousin once removed of Queen Victoria. At the time of his birth, the child stood third in line to the British throne behind his father and grandfather. Edwards immediate family always knew him as David. His father ascended the throne on 6 May 1910. The new king created him Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester on 2 June 1910 and officially invested him as such in a special ceremony at Caernarfon Castle in 1911. For the first time since the middle Ages, this investiture took place in Wales. When World War I broke out, David had reached the minimum age for active service and expressed keenness to participate. Although the authorities allowed him to join the army, they kept him well away from any action that might have threatened his safety. After the war ended in 1918, his conduct began to give cause for concern to his ultra-conservative parents, particularly when he enjoyed relationships with a series of married women, including Americans Freda Dudley Ward and Wallis Simpson.Simpson had divorced her first husband in 1927 and subsequently married Ernest Simpson, an Anglo-American businessman. Mrs. Simpson and the Prince of Wales became lovers. Powerful figures deemed marriage to Mrs Simpson impossible for the king, even after she obtained her second divorce, because he had become de jure head of the Church of England, which prohibited remarriage after divorce. Edward rejected several alternative proposed solutions, including a morganatic marriage: he maintained adamantly that he wished to marry Mrs.Simpson, and he eventually abdicated his throne on December 11, 1936. State papers released in 2003 revealed that during the abdication crisis, as well as King Edward, Mrs. Simpson reportedly had two other lovers, one a car salesman, the other Edward FitzGerald, 7th Duke of Leinster, a close friend of the King. The abdication crisis caused a constitutional upheaval, and the throne passed to the Heir Presumptive, the King's next oldest brother, Prince Albert, Duke of York, who became King George VI of the United Kingdom.On March 8, 1937, George VI created his brother, the former king, Duke of Windsor (the title lapsed with the Duke's death). However, letters patent dated May 27, 1937, which reconferred upon the Duke of Windsor the â€Å"title, style, or attribute of Royal Highness,† specifically stated that â€Å"his wife and descendants, if any, shall not hold said title or attribute. † Edward was actually granted the title Duke of Windsor on December 12, 1936 the day after his abdication.The Duke mentions in his book, A King's Story, that it was the first act of George VI's reign, and it was proclaimed at the new King's Accession Privy Council that his brother would be known as â€Å"His Royal Highness the Duke of Windsor† and that he had recreated him a Knight of the Garter. However, the formal letters patent were not signed until March 8, 1937. The Duke of Windsor married Mrs. Simpson in a private ceremony on 3 June 1937 at Chateau de Cande, Monts, France. None of the British royal family attended.The denial of the style â€Å"HRH† to the Duchess of Windsor, as well as the financial settlement, strained relations between the Duke of Windsor and the rest of the royal family for decades. The Duke had assumed that he would settle in Britain after a year or two of exile in France. However, King George VI (with the support of his mother Queen Mary and his wife Queen Elizabeth) threatened to cut off his allowance if he returned to Britain without an invitation. In 1937, the Duke and Duchess visited Germany as personal guests of Adolf Hitler, a visit much publicized by the Nazi media.The couple then settled in France. When the Germans invaded the north of France in May 1940, the Windsors fled south, first to Biarritz, then in Jun e to Spain. In July the pair moved to Lisbon, Portugal, where they lived at first in the home of a banker with close German Embassy contacts. The British Foreign Office strenuously objected when the pair planned to sail around aimlessly on a yacht belonging to a Swedish magnate, Axel Wenner-Gren, whom American intelligence considered to be a close friend of Hermann Goering, Hitler's lieutenant.A â€Å"defeatist† interview with the Duke that received wide distribution may have served as the last straw for the British government: in August a British warship dispatched the pair to the Bahamas, where the Duke of Windsor became Governor, a post he held until after the end of World War II in 1945. Then the couple retired once again to France, where they spent much of the remainder of their lives. In recent years, some have suggested that the Duke and (especially) the Duchess sympathised with Fascism before and during World War II, and had to remain in the Bahamas to minimize their opportunities to act on those feelings.These revised assessments of his career hinge on some wartime information released in 1996, and on further secret files released by the U. K. government in 2003. The files had remained closed for decades, as Whitehall judged that they would cause the Queen Mother substantial distress if released during her lifetime. US naval intelligence documents a confidential report of a conference of German foreign officials in October 1941 that found the Duke â€Å"no enemy to Germany† and the only English representative with whom Hitler would negotiate any peace terms, â€Å"the logical director of England's destiny after the war†.President Roosevelt had ordered covert surveillance of the Duke and Duchess when they visited Palm Beach, Florida, in April 1941. The former Duke of Wurttemberg (then a monk in an American monastery) convinced the FBI that the Duchess had been sleeping with the German ambassador in London, Joachim von Ribbentrop, h ad remained in constant contact with him, and continued to leak secrets. In later years, the Duke of Windsor met with other members of the royal family on several occasions, but his wife never gained acceptance.He died in 1972 at Paris, and his body was returned to Britain for burial at Frogmore, near Windsor Castle. The Duchess of Windsor, on her death ten and a half years later, was buried alongside her husband in Frogmore. They had no children. Through the years of Edwards’s life his titles varied changing approximately ten times he was called everything from His Highness Prince Edward of York to His Majesty King Edward VIII And everything in-between.